Cleistocactus

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Cleistocactus

Cleistocactus Lem. in Ill. Hort. 8: Misc. 35. 1861 sec. Korotkova & al. 20211 wfo-4000008545
      Type: Cleistocactus baumannii (Lem.) Lem.
  • 1. Korotkova, N., Aquino, D., Arias, S., Eggli, U., Franck, A.R., Gómez-Hinostrosa, C., Guerrero, P.C., Hernández, H.M., Kohlbecker, A., Köhler, M., Luther, K., Majure, L.C., Metzing, D., Müller, A., Nyffeler, R., Sánchez, D., Schlumpberger, B.O. & Berendsohn, W. G. 2021: Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org – a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family. – Willdenowia 51: 251-270. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.51.51208
  • =Cleistocereus Frič & Kreuz. in Succulenta (Netherlands) 18: 120. 1936 syn. sec. Kew 20192 wfo-4000042585
  • 2. Kew 2019: Dataset export of the World Checklist of Vascular Plants database, dated 19 December. – Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens
  • =Vatricania Backeb. in Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 22: 154. 1950 syn. sec. Romeiro-Brito & al. 20233 wfo-4000040065
      • Type: Vatricania guentheri (Kupper) Backeb.
  • 3. Romeiro-Brito, M., Taylor, N.P., Zappi, D.C., Telhe, M.C., Franco, F.F. & Moraes, E.M. 2023: Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing. – Annals of Botany 132(5): 989-1006. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob%2fmcad153
  • =Bolivicereus Cárdenas in Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 23: 91. 1951 syn. sec. Hunt 20164 wfo-4000004924
      • Type: Bolivicereus samaipatanus Cárdenas
  • 4. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author
  • =Samaipaticereus Cárdenas in Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 24: 141. 1952 syn. sec. Romeiro-Brito & al. 20235 wfo-4000033897
      • Type: Samaipaticereus corroanus Cárdenas
  • 5. Romeiro-Brito, M., Taylor, N.P., Zappi, D.C., Telhe, M.C., Franco, F.F. & Moraes, E.M. 2023: Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing. – Annals of Botany 132(5): 989-1006. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob%2fmcad153
  • =Cephalocleistocactus F.Ritter in Succulenta (Netherlands): 108. 1959 syn. sec. Hunt 20166 wfo-4000007249
      • Type: Cephalocleistocactus chrysocephalus F.Ritter
  • 6. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author
  • =Winteria F.Ritter in Kakteen And. Sukk. 13: 4. 1962, nom. illeg. syn. sec. Kew 20197 wfo-4000040772
  • 7. Kew 2019: Dataset export of the World Checklist of Vascular Plants database, dated 19 December. – Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens
  • =Seticleistocactus Backeb., Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: 13. 1963 syn. sec. Hunt 20168 wfo-4000035206
      • Type: Seticleistocactus piraymirensis (Cárdenas) Backeb.
  • 8. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author
  • =Winterocereus Backeb., Kakteenlex.: 455. 1966 syn. sec. Hunt 20169 wfo-4000040775
      • Type: Winterocereus aureispinus (F.Ritter) Backeb.
  • 9. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author
  • =Yungasocereus F.Ritter, Kakteen Südamerika 2: 668. 1980 syn. sec. Romeiro-Brito & al. 202310 wfo-4000041103
      • Type: Yungasocereus inquisivensis (Cárdenas) F.Ritter, nom. inval.
  • 10. Romeiro-Brito, M., Taylor, N.P., Zappi, D.C., Telhe, M.C., Franco, F.F. & Moraes, E.M. 2023: Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing. – Annals of Botany 132(5): 989-1006. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob%2fmcad153
  • –Hildewintera F.Ritter in Kakteen And. Sukk. 17: 11. 1966, nom. inval. syn. sec. Hunt 201611 wfo-4000017910
      • Type: Hildewintera aureispina (F.Ritter) F.Ritter ex G.D.Rowley
  • 11. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author

Content

Notes

The broad circumscription of Cleistocactus as employed by Anderson (2001, 2005), and Hunt (2006) goes back to the Cactaceae consensus classification reported by Hunt & Taylor (1986), where the predominantly ornithophilous floral syndrome was used as diagnostic character. Schlumpberger & Renner (2012) found that Cleistocactus s.l. is polyphyletic - the monotypic Cephalocleistocactus was placed as sister to Yungasocereus, while Cleistocactus s.str. is sister to Vatricania next to Weberbauerocereus, and two terminals representing the former Borzicactus and Loxanthocereus are placed in the Oreocereus clade, the former next to Matucana, and the latter next to Haageocereus.
Deciding whether Cleistocactus s.l. should be retained or split up is difficult, since sampling of the group and its possible sister taxa is still inadequate. The affiliation of Loxanthocereus with Haageocereus was seen earlier and Nyffeler & Eggli (2010) listed it as synonym of Haageocereus.A,B,C,D,E,F,G

Taxon standing

Category E. No assessment of monophyly has yet been possible, because only a few species were sampled or no phylogenetic study has been conducted so far.

Bibliography

A. Anderson, E. F. 2001: The Cactus Family. – Portland, Oregon: Timber Press
B. Anderson, E. F. 2005: Das große Kakteen-Lexikon. – Stuttgart: Ulmer
C. Hernández-Ledesma, P., Berendsohn, W. G., Borsch, T., von Mering, S., Akhani, H., Arias, S., Castañeda-Noa, I., Eggli, U., Eriksson, R., Flores-Olvera, H., Fuentes-Bazán, S., Kadereit, G., Klak, C., Korotkova, N., Nyffeler, R., Ocampo, G. & Ochoterena, H. 2015: A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. – Willdenowia 45(3): 281-383. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.45.45301
D. Hunt, D.R. & Taylor, N. P. 1986: The genera of the Cactaceae: towards an new consensus. – Bradleya 4: 65-78
E. Hunt, D.R. 2006: The New Cactus Lexicon. – Milborne Port: dh books
F. Nyffeler, R. & Eggli, U. 2010: A farewell to dated ideas and concepts – molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae. – Schumannia 6: 109-151
G. Schlumpberger, B. & Renner, S. 2012: Molecular phylogenetics of Echinopsis (Cactaceae): Polyphyly at all levels and convergent evolution of pollination modes and growth forms. – American Journal of Botany 99(8): 1335-1349