Nepenthes gymnamphora
Synonymy
- –Nepenthes melamphora, Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg: 111. 1823, nom. nud., syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:603759-1
- =Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora, Pl. Jungh.: 169. 1852 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 20013
- ≡Nepenthes melamphora var. haematamphora, Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 1073. 1858 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001
- =Nepenthes melamphora var. lucida in Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 8. 1852 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 20014
- =Nepenthes melamphora var. pubescens, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 562. 1891 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 20015
Other sources
Blume, C. L. 1827: Enumeratio plantarum Javae et insularum adjacentium : minus cognitarum vel novarum ex herbariis Reinwardtii, Kuhlii, Hasseltii et Blumii. – Leiden: van Leeuven: 85
Korthals, P. W. 1840: Over het geslacht Nepenthes. – erhandelingen over de Naturlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche Overzeesche Bezittingen . . . Botanie 19: 1-42, t. 2-4: 32, t. 3 & 4: 55-70
Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora2: Macfarlane, J. M. 1908: pp. 1-92. – In: Engler, A., Pflanzenreich IV. 111 (Heft 36): 57 (as Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora2)
partim (Danser, B. H. 1928: – Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 9: 300)
Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora2: Beck von Mannagetta und Lerchenau, G. 1895: Die Gattung Nepenthes. – Wiener Ill. Gart.-Zeitung 20: 96-107, 141-150, 182-192, 217-229: 186 (as Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora2)
Nepenthes melamphora var. lucida in Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 8. 18521: Beck von Mannagetta und Lerchenau, G. 1895: Die Gattung Nepenthes. – Wiener Ill. Gart.-Zeitung 20: 96-107, 141-150, 182-192, 217-229: 186 (as Nepenthes melamphora var. lucida in Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 8. 18521)
Nepenthes melamphora: Blume, C. L. 1852: – Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 8 (as Nepenthes melamphora)
Nepenthes melamphora var. lucida in Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 8. 18521: Beccari, O. 1886: Malesia 3. – Firence, Roma: Fratelli Bencini: 5 (as Nepenthes melamphora var. lucida in Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 8. 18521)
Description
Terrestrial climber to 15(-40) m tall. Stems terete, rarely slightly angular, those of climbing stems 4-7(-8) mm diam., internodes 1.5-10 cm long, axillary buds inconspicuous. Leaves thinly coriaceous, sessile or subpetiolate; rosette leaves usually highly reduced, narrowly oblong to oblanceolate-elliptic, 3-5 by 1-1.2 cm, apex acute, base sessile, clasping the stem for 1/2 its circumference, rarely the rosette leaves larger, 8.5-12 by 2.5-3.7 cm; short and climbing stem leaves narrowly elliptic, (10-)23-26 (-30) cm long, apex acute, base attenuate, (5-)7-12 mm wide, usually with a petiole-like part 4-5 cm long. Longitudinal nerves 3 or 4 on each side of the midrib in the outer 3/4, fairly conspicuous above. Pennate nerves oblique, highly branched, inconspicuous. Lower pitchers ellipsoid, the mouth occupying the upper 1/3-1/4, (3-)6-11.5 by (2.2-)4-4.5 cm, with two fringed wings 5-7 mm broad, fringed elements 3-5 mm long, c. 1 mm apart; mouth oblique, concave, raised at the rear into a short vertical column; peristome flattened, 6-7(-9) mm wide in the rear half of the mouth, 2-3 mm wide in the front half, ribs 0.5 mm apart, c. 0.1 mm high, the outer edge entire, the inner with curved teeth, 1-2(-3) mm long in the rear half of the mouth, absent in the front half; lid ovate, 3-4 by 2-3 cm, apex rounded, base cordate, lower surface lacking ap-pendages but with a raised midrib, nectar glands circular, bordered, 0.3 mm long, confined to the midline or widely scattered, the midline often with larger, elliptic glands 0.6 mm long; spur filiform, 4-5 mm long, entire. Upper pitchers subcylindrical, 6-10(-19) by 1.7-2.8(-4.5) cm, slightly inflated in the lower 1/3, rarely slightly infundibular, usually with two fringed wings 0.5-2 mm wide, fringed elements c. 4 mm long, 1 mm apart; mouth slightly oblique, concave; peristome subcylindrical, 1.5-2 mm wide, ribs 0.5 mm apart, outer edge entire, inner with teeth inconspicuous; lid elliptic or ovate, rarely orbicular, 2-2.5(-4.5) by 1.2-1.4(-5) cm, apex rounded, base cordate, lower surface often with a raised keel c. 1 mm long, at the base of the midline, nectar glands and spur as the lower pitchers. Male inflorescence 35-50 by 4 cm; peduncle 20-24 cm long, 3-4 mm diam. at base; partial peduncles 2-flowered, c. 70, 2-5 mm long; bracts absent or occasional; pedicels 3-5 mm long; tepals elliptic, 4-6 by 2-3.2 mm; androphore 3.5-4 mm long; anther head 1.5-2 by 2 mm. Infructescence c. 30 by 5 cm; peduncle c. 19 cm long, 4 mm diam. at base; partial peduncles c. 40; fruits with valves 13 by 3 mm. Seeds filiform, 6-15 mm long. Indumentum of sessile glands c. 0.1 mm diam. on stems, lower surface of the leaf blade and outer surface of pitchers; patent simple pale brown or white hairs 0.1-0.3 mm long on very young stems, densely on leaf edges, sparsely on the lower midrib, and upper pitchers including spur, dense to sparse on lower pitchers; inflorescence from peduncle base to lower surface of the tepals pubescent with brown, inclined, simple hairs 0.5-0.6 mm long, androphore minutely puberulent. Colour of pitchers reddish green to purple.A
Notes
Nepenthes gymnamphora is the only Javanese montane species of the genus. It is most similar to N. pectinata of C Sumatra. Nepenthes pectinata is distinguished from N. gymnamphora by several characters; in overall architecture it differs in that the upper leaves rarely produce pitchers; the upper leaves are more gradually attenuated to their bases, with broadly winged and scarcely discernible petioles and are decurrent as wings for several cm on the stem, unlike the shortly amplexicaul base of leaves of N. gymnamphora; the pitchers have a more rounded, urceolate form, with a narrow mouth, and the peristome drawn out into a longer neck; N. pectinata usually has a denser indumentum, and the inner peristome margin has larger teeth than that of N. gymnamphora.A
Distribution (General)
W and C Java (one apparent record from Borneo, see Jebb & Cheek 1997: 92).A
Habitat
Forest; 1000-2750 m.A