Nepenthes singalana
Synonymy
- Type: Sumatra, near Padang, Mt Singgalang (‘Singalan’), O. Beccari 187 (FI)1
- Type: Sumatra, near Padang, Mt Singgalang (‘Singalan’), O. Beccari 187 (K)
- Type: Sumatra, near Padang, Mt Singgalang (‘Singalan’), O. Beccari 187 (L)
- =Nepenthes junghuhnii in J. Fed. Mal. States Mus. 8(4): 79. 1917 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001
- Unknown type category: Sumatra, G. Kerinci, alt. 2600 m, 27 Apr 1914, A.S. Robinson & Kloss s.n. (BM)
- Unknown type category: Sumatra, G. Kerinci, alt. 2600 m, 27 Apr 1914, A.S. Robinson & Kloss s.n. (BO)
Other sources
Danser, B. H. 1928: – Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 9: 371
Kurata, S. 1973: – Gard. Bull. Singapore 26(2): 231
excl. syn., non f. 5 & 6 (Tamin, R. & Hotta, M. 1986 – In: Hotta, M., Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra. – Kyoto: Sumatra Nature Study (Botany), Kyoto University: 98)
Description
Terrestrial climber to ?4 m tall. Climbing stems obscurely 4-angular, (2.5-)3-6(-7) mm diam., internodes 5-13.5(-16) cm long, axillary buds inconspicuous; short stems, and those of rosettes, terete, c. 5 mm diam., internodes c. 1.5 cm long.
Leaves coriaceous, sessile or weakly petiolate; leaves of climbing stems narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, oblanceolate or oblanceolate-spathulate, 7-21 by 1.9-2.8(-3.8) cm, apex acute to obtuse, not usually peltate, base attenuate, sometimes with a poorly defined winged petiole c. 1.5 cm wide, clasping the stem for 1/2 its circumference, rarely slightly auriculate, decurrent down the stem as two low ridges almost to the node below; rosette and short stem leaves oblanceolate to subspathulate, c. 17 by 3.5 cm. Longitudinal nerves 3 (or 4) on each side of the midrib in the outer 1/2-3/4, fairly conspicuous on the lower surface. Pennate nerves inconspicuous.
Lower pitchers not seen, intermediate pitchers slender, obovoid in the lower 2/5, upper 3/5 subcylindrical, 13-18 cm tall, 3.4-3.9 cm wide in the lower part, c. 3 cm wide in the upper part, with two fringed wings in the upper part, c. 4 mm wide, fringed elements 7 mm long, 1.5 mm apart, mouth ovate, oblique, concave, raised in the rear part to form a slender vertical or overarching column c. 2.5 cm tall, peristome cylindrical in the front half, in the rear half flattened, c. 5 mm wide, ribs 0.3-0.5 mm high, 1-1.5 mm apart, outer edge entire, inner entire in the front half, the rear half with teeth c. 5 mm long extending up the column and protruding; lid orbicular, c. 4 by 5 cm, apex rounded, base cordate, lower surface lacking appendages or keel, nectar glands thinly bordered, circular or shortly elliptic, 0.2-0.3 mm diam., scattered sparsely and evenly over the whole surface; spur c. 3 by 0.5 mm, flattened, bifurcate at apex.
Upper pitchers obovoid in lower 2/5-1/2, upper part cylindrical or narrowly infundibuliform, (7.2-)10-15(-20) cm tall, (1.8-) 2.5-4.5(-5.5) cm wide in the lower part, 1.8-4(-5) cm wide in the upper part, lacking fringed wings, but with two inconspicuous ridges, mouth suborbicular, horizontal or slightly oblique, straight in the front part, concave at the rear and rising to form a short, poorly defined vertical column, peristome subcylindrical to slightly flattened, 1.5-2 mm wide in smaller pitchers, flattened, 4-6 mm wide in larger pitchers, ribs 0.3-0.5 mm high, 0.5-1.25(-1.5) mm apart, outer edge entire, inner edge entire apart from 2-8 toothed ribs on each side near the column, column weakly toothed; lid orbicular, (1.7-) 2.7-4.2(-5.2) by (1.9-)3-4.2(-4.8) cm, lower surface as the lower pitchers, nectar glands (0.1-)0.3-0.5 mm; spur flattened, 3-4.5 by 0.5 mm, apex bifurcate or rounded.
Male inflorescence 10-15 by 1.8-2 cm; peduncle 2.5-5 cm long, 1-1.5 mm diam. at base; partial peduncles 1-flowered, 30-40; pedicels c. 7 mm long; bracts filiform 1.5-5 mm long; tepals 4-5 by 2.25 mm; androphore 2 mm long; anther head 1.5 by 2 mm. Infructescence 12-15.5 by 4-5 cm; peduncle 7.5-8 cm long, 2-2.5 mm diam. at base; pedicels c. 14 mm long; fruit valves c. 21 mm long (immature). Seeds unknown.
Indumentum of stems, lower surface of leaf and outer pitcher with sessile red glands 0.1 mm diam.; axils with pubescent patches 2-6 mm long of patent brown, sometimes mixed with white, stellate, branched and simple hairs 0.1-0.3 mm long, also present on pitcher lid; spur glabrous; inflorescence sparingly hairy with patent or appressed white or pale brown simple hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long from base of peduncle to apex of pedicels; tepals glabrous below; androphore glabrous; ovary densely fawn sericeous.
Colour of lower pitchers purplish red; upper pitchers reddish green streaked dull blood red, inner pale green blotched crimson, peristome dull blood red.A
Leaves coriaceous, sessile or weakly petiolate; leaves of climbing stems narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, oblanceolate or oblanceolate-spathulate, 7-21 by 1.9-2.8(-3.8) cm, apex acute to obtuse, not usually peltate, base attenuate, sometimes with a poorly defined winged petiole c. 1.5 cm wide, clasping the stem for 1/2 its circumference, rarely slightly auriculate, decurrent down the stem as two low ridges almost to the node below; rosette and short stem leaves oblanceolate to subspathulate, c. 17 by 3.5 cm. Longitudinal nerves 3 (or 4) on each side of the midrib in the outer 1/2-3/4, fairly conspicuous on the lower surface. Pennate nerves inconspicuous.
Lower pitchers not seen, intermediate pitchers slender, obovoid in the lower 2/5, upper 3/5 subcylindrical, 13-18 cm tall, 3.4-3.9 cm wide in the lower part, c. 3 cm wide in the upper part, with two fringed wings in the upper part, c. 4 mm wide, fringed elements 7 mm long, 1.5 mm apart, mouth ovate, oblique, concave, raised in the rear part to form a slender vertical or overarching column c. 2.5 cm tall, peristome cylindrical in the front half, in the rear half flattened, c. 5 mm wide, ribs 0.3-0.5 mm high, 1-1.5 mm apart, outer edge entire, inner entire in the front half, the rear half with teeth c. 5 mm long extending up the column and protruding; lid orbicular, c. 4 by 5 cm, apex rounded, base cordate, lower surface lacking appendages or keel, nectar glands thinly bordered, circular or shortly elliptic, 0.2-0.3 mm diam., scattered sparsely and evenly over the whole surface; spur c. 3 by 0.5 mm, flattened, bifurcate at apex.
Upper pitchers obovoid in lower 2/5-1/2, upper part cylindrical or narrowly infundibuliform, (7.2-)10-15(-20) cm tall, (1.8-) 2.5-4.5(-5.5) cm wide in the lower part, 1.8-4(-5) cm wide in the upper part, lacking fringed wings, but with two inconspicuous ridges, mouth suborbicular, horizontal or slightly oblique, straight in the front part, concave at the rear and rising to form a short, poorly defined vertical column, peristome subcylindrical to slightly flattened, 1.5-2 mm wide in smaller pitchers, flattened, 4-6 mm wide in larger pitchers, ribs 0.3-0.5 mm high, 0.5-1.25(-1.5) mm apart, outer edge entire, inner edge entire apart from 2-8 toothed ribs on each side near the column, column weakly toothed; lid orbicular, (1.7-) 2.7-4.2(-5.2) by (1.9-)3-4.2(-4.8) cm, lower surface as the lower pitchers, nectar glands (0.1-)0.3-0.5 mm; spur flattened, 3-4.5 by 0.5 mm, apex bifurcate or rounded.
Male inflorescence 10-15 by 1.8-2 cm; peduncle 2.5-5 cm long, 1-1.5 mm diam. at base; partial peduncles 1-flowered, 30-40; pedicels c. 7 mm long; bracts filiform 1.5-5 mm long; tepals 4-5 by 2.25 mm; androphore 2 mm long; anther head 1.5 by 2 mm. Infructescence 12-15.5 by 4-5 cm; peduncle 7.5-8 cm long, 2-2.5 mm diam. at base; pedicels c. 14 mm long; fruit valves c. 21 mm long (immature). Seeds unknown.
Indumentum of stems, lower surface of leaf and outer pitcher with sessile red glands 0.1 mm diam.; axils with pubescent patches 2-6 mm long of patent brown, sometimes mixed with white, stellate, branched and simple hairs 0.1-0.3 mm long, also present on pitcher lid; spur glabrous; inflorescence sparingly hairy with patent or appressed white or pale brown simple hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long from base of peduncle to apex of pedicels; tepals glabrous below; androphore glabrous; ovary densely fawn sericeous.
Colour of lower pitchers purplish red; upper pitchers reddish green streaked dull blood red, inner pale green blotched crimson, peristome dull blood red.A
Notes
Together with N. spectabilis, N. singalana is one of the most widespread and commonly collected of all montane Sumatran species of Nepenthes. Specimens of N. diatas, N. pectinata, and N. spathulata can be mistaken for this species. Nepenthes diatas has broader, more robust, rigid upper pitchers, with teeth conspicuous around the inner edge of the peristome rather than being restricted to near the column. Nepenthes pectinata has a larger, lanceolate leaf with a decurrent base, and the lid glands are usually sparser and restricted to the basal part of the midline. Nepenthes spathulata has sharply 4-angled stems in the climbing phase, and the peristome is greatly expanded at the sides.A
Distribution (General)
Sumatra: Mt Ophir (S. Barat) to G. Dempo (S. Selatan)A
Habitat
Montane forest; 1900-2800 m.A
Specimens
| Country | Date | Collector + collecting number | Herbaria | Type | Scan | Derivatives | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beccari, O. 187 | FI, K, L |  | |||||
| Citation: Sumatra, near Padang, Mt Singgalang (‘Singalan’), O. Beccari 187 Specimen summary: FI Type for: Nepenthes singalana Becc. Specimen summary: K Type for: Nepenthes singalana Becc. Specimen summary: L Type for: Nepenthes singalana Becc. | |||||||
| 1914-04-27 | Robinson, A.S. & Kloss s.n. | BM, BO | | ||||
| Citation: Sumatra, G. Kerinci, alt. 2600 m, 27 Apr 1914, A.S. Robinson & Kloss s.n. Specimen summary: BM Unknown type category of Nepenthes junghuhnii Macfarl. ex Ridl. Specimen summary: BO Unknown type category of Nepenthes junghuhnii Macfarl. ex Ridl. | |||||||