Nepenthes sumatrana

Synonymy

Nepenthes sumatrana (Miq.) Beck in Wiener Ill. Gart.-Zeitung 20: 149. 1895 sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001 wfo-0001302638

≡Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind. 1(1): 1074. 1858 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001 wfo-0001302531
≡Nepenthes maxima var. sumatrana (Miq.) Becc., Malesia 3: 3. 1886 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001 wfo-0001302580

Unknown type categorys

Sumatra, Sibolga, alt. 0 m, Feb 1856, Teijsmann 535

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=Nepenthes longifolia Nerz & Wistuba in Carniv. Pl. Newslett. 23(4): 105 (-106, fig. 3). 1995 syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001 wfo-0000381538

Holotype

Sumatra, West Sumatera, Taram, Tjampo Mts, alt. 1000 m, 25 Sep 1992, J. Nerz 2801

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–Nepenthes rafflesiana var. longicirrhosa Tamin & M.Hotta, Tamin & M. Hotta - in M.Hotta, Divers. & Dynam. Pl. Life Sumatra. 1986: 93, nom. nud. syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001 wfo-0001302680

–Nepenthes spinosa Tamin & M.Hotta, Tamin & M. Hotta - in M.Hotta, Divers. & Dynam. Pl. Life Sumatra. 1986: 103, f. 7 & 8, nom. nud. syn. sec. Cheek & Jebb 2001 wfo-0001302679

– "Nepenthes treubiana" sensu Danser 19281: 387, partim, f. 25 toto, non Warb., p.p., err. sec. Cheek & Jebb 20012

1. Danser, B. H. 1928: – Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 9. 387, partim, f. 25 toto, 2. Cheek, M. R. & Jebb, M. H. P. 2001: Flora Malesiana - Nepenthaceae, Series I, Volume 15. – Leiden: Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Universiteit Leiden branch

Content

Other sources

Tamin, R. & Hotta, M. 1986 – In: Hotta, M., Diversity and Dynamics of Plant Life in Sumatra. – Kyoto: Sumatra Nature Study (Botany), Kyoto University. p 103

Jebb, M. H. P. & Cheek, M. R. 1997: A skeletal revision of Nepenthes. – Blumea 42(1): 1-106. p 83

Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq.: Miquel, F. A. W. 1870: Illustrations de la Flore de l'Archipel Indien. – Amsterdam: G. G. van der Post. p 7 (as Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq.)

Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq.: Hooker, J.D. 1873 – In: de Candolle, A. L. P. P., Prodromus 17. – Paris: Masson. p 98 (as Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq.)

Description

Terrestrial climber to several metres tall. Stem of the climbing shoots more or less D-shaped in section, 0.8 cm diam. with a pair of prominent ridges or wings, or terete, internodes to 16 cm long; rosette and short stems unknown. Leaves coriaceous, petiolate; blades of climbing shoots lanceolate to obovate-lanceolate, 39-54 by 5-9 cm, apex acute to rounded-emarginate, base attenuate to the winged and decurrent petiole; petiole 5-9 cm long, winged, clasping the stem for 1/2 its circumference, usually decurrent as two wings or ridges almost to the node below. Longitudinal nerves 6-8 on each side of the midrib, in outer 3/5 of blade. Pennate nerves numerous, more or less parallel, at 60-70° to midrib. Lower pitchers globose throughout, or ventricose in lower half, tubular above and narrowing to mouth; up to 23 by 6 cm; with fringed wings to 4 cm broad, fringe elements to 6 mm long; mouth oblique. Upper pitchers wholly infundibulate, or cylindrical, scarcely ventricose below, 18-30 by 4-6 cm, without wings; mouth oblique, and often raised at front; peristome rounded at front, to 1.2 cm wide, flattened towards lid, or flattened and irregular throughout, then 0.5-1.5 cm wide, ribs 0.2 mm apart, c. 0.1 mm high, outer edge entire, inner without teeth, but with conspicuous glands between the ribs; lid orbicular to elliptic, 6-9.5 by 3.5-7.5 cm, apex rounded, base cordate, lower surface lacking appendages, nectar glands orbicular, thinly bordered, dense over the whole surface, 0.2-0.5 mm diam.; along midline larger, elliptic, 0.7-0.9 mm long; spur simple, 0.8-1.4 cm long. Inflorescence to 28 cm long; partial peduncles 1- or 2-flowered, 0.5-0.8 cm long; pedicels about as long as partial peduncles; bracts infrequent; tepals 5-6 by 3 mm. Fruit with valves 44-56 by 3.5 mm. Seeds fusiform, 26 by 0.75 mm. Indumentum of brown simple and branched hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long on all parts, especially in leaf axils of stems, and on tendrils; dense below leaf margin and on all new parts; glabrescent. Colour of lower pitchers brownish red, peristome green or red-streaked; upper pitchers pale green.A

Notes

2. Although we treat N. longifolia as a synonym, it is representative of other specimens from inland Sumatra, at higher altitudes (c. 1000 m) that show differences from the plants at sea level on the coast. The inland plants have more slender pitchers which are ellipsoid in the lower half and cylindrical in the upper (not infundibuliform), with an elliptic (not a suborbicular) lid. However, intermediates are reported. More specimens are needed before N. longifolia can be fully resolved.A

3. Danser in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg III, 9 (1928) 387 placed N. sumatrana with the remarkably similar N. treubiana of New Guinea. Nepenthes sumatrana differs by lacking teeth on the inner edge of the peristome, by lacking hairs on the leaf margins, by having ‘simple’ (i.e. with one long branch), not stellate hairs and in having larger lid nectar glands (0.2-0.7 mm diam. vs. 0.2-0.4 mm diam.).B

1. Nepenthes sumatrana appears restricted to the western half of Sumatra from Sibolga in the north to Padang in the south. The only Sumatran species with which it could be confused is N. rafflesiana. They can occur together (Clarke, pers. comm.). Both are robust lowland species with petiolate leaves and large narrowly, infundibuliform pitchers which have the front of the mouth raised. However, N. rafflesiana has terete stems, distinctively white, arachnoid indumentum, pitchers with the peristome prominently toothed on the inner edge and nectar glands absent from the central part of the lower surface of the lid. The stems of N. sumatrana when winged-ridged (they are sometimes terete) are virtually identical to those of N. burbidgeae of Borneo, which otherwise differs markedly.A

4. Although we have seen no authentic material of Tamin & M. Hotta’s N. rafflesiana var. longicirrhosa n.n. or N. spinosa n.n., they appear to belong with N. sumatrana.A

Distribution (General)

West-Central Sumatra.A

Bibliography

A. Cheek, M. R. & Jebb, M. H. P. 2001: Flora Malesiana - Nepenthaceae, Series I, Volume 15. – Leiden: Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Universiteit Leiden branch

B. Danser, B. H. 1928: – Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 9. p 387

Specimens

Country	Date	Collector + collecting number	Herbaria
	Feb 1856	Teijsmann 535	BO, L, U
Citation: Sumatra, Sibolga, alt. 0 m, Feb 1856, Teijsmann 535 Specimen summary: BO Unknown type category of Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq. Nepenthes sumatrana (Miq.) Beck Nepenthes maxima var. sumatrana (Miq.) Becc. Specimen summary: L Unknown type category of Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq. Nepenthes sumatrana (Miq.) Beck Nepenthes maxima var. sumatrana (Miq.) Becc. Specimen summary: U Unknown type category of Nepenthes boschiana var. sumatrana Miq. Nepenthes sumatrana (Miq.) Beck Nepenthes maxima var. sumatrana (Miq.) Becc.
	25 Sep 1992	Nerz, J. 2801	L
Citation: Sumatra, West Sumatera, Taram, Tjampo Mts, alt. 1000 m, 25 Sep 1992, J. Nerz 2801 Specimen summary: L Holotype of Nepenthes longifolia Nerz & Wistuba