Peniocereus
Peniocereus in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 428. 1909 sec. Franco-Estrada & al. 2021
- ≡Cereus subsect. Peniocereus in Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 16: 77. 1905 syn. sec. Hunt 2006
- Type: Peniocereus greggii
- =Neoevansia in Marshall & Bock, Cactaceae: 84. 1941 syn. sec. Hunt 2006
- Type: Neoevansia diguetii
- =Cullmannia in Kakteen And. Sukk. 7: 8. 1956 syn. sec. Hunt 2006
- Type: Cullmannia viperina
Notes
Phylogenetics: The generic circumscription of Peniocereus was revised based on the molecular phylogenetic study of Arias & al. (2005). Their study based on plastid trnL-F and rpl16 found Peniocereus polyphyletic, its species resolved in three lineages. Peniocereus subg. Pseudoacanthocereus was found to be nested in Acanthocereus, yet both were also paraphyletic. For a classification reflecting these relationships, Peniocereus subg. Pseudoacanthocereus was transferred to Acanthocereus (Lodé 2013; Korotkova & al. 2017). The other major Peniocereus clade found by Arias & al. (2005) corresponds to Peniocereus subg. Peniocereus.
Peniocereus serpentinus, the type species of the earlier-proposed genus Nyctocereus was resolved as a separate lineage reinstating it as a monotypic genus Arias & al. (2005).
Phylogenetic relationships of Peniocereus and its relatives in the Pachycereinae were revisited by Franco-Estrada & a. (2021) using sequences from 5 plastid markers. This study confirmed the circumscription of Peniocereus with 7 species, Pachycereus with 5 species and provided well-supported evidence for the placement of Backebergia and Pterocereus as monotypic genera within the Pachycereinae.A
Peniocereus serpentinus, the type species of the earlier-proposed genus Nyctocereus was resolved as a separate lineage reinstating it as a monotypic genus Arias & al. (2005).
Phylogenetic relationships of Peniocereus and its relatives in the Pachycereinae were revisited by Franco-Estrada & a. (2021) using sequences from 5 plastid markers. This study confirmed the circumscription of Peniocereus with 7 species, Pachycereus with 5 species and provided well-supported evidence for the placement of Backebergia and Pterocereus as monotypic genera within the Pachycereinae.A
Taxon standing
Category B. The genus is monophyletic based on phylogenetic studies that support the clade based on a sufficiently dense or even complete sampling, or support a monotypic genus as a distinct lineage, but do not provide a new taxonomic treatment at the species level. In many cases, older classical taxonomic synopses or a monographic treatment exist for these genera providing a reliable assessment of the species included.B