Lophophora
Lophophora in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3: 131. 1894 sec. Vázquez-Sánchez & al. 2013
- Type: Lophophora williamsii
Notes
Phylogenetics: Butterworth & al. (2002) found L. williamsii as sister to Obregonia and L. diffusa (Croizat) Bravo as sister to Acharagma, yet both with only moderate support. In contrast, Lophophora williamsii and L. diffusa were resolved as sisters with moderate support in the study of Vázquez-Sánchez & al. (2013), who also found high support for the sister relationship of Lophophora and Obregonia, justifying generic rank for both.A
At present, about four species are known by combination of some characters such as papillae on the epidermis of the stem, the micromorphology of the seed, as well as the concentration of some alkaloids. A detailed population study (morphological, genomic) is required to circumscribe the species and their relationships.B
Taxon standing
Category B. The genus is monophyletic based on phylogenetic studies that support the clade based on a sufficiently dense or even complete sampling, or support a monotypic genus as a distinct lineage, but do not provide a new taxonomic treatment at the species level. In many cases, older classical taxonomic synopses or a monographic treatment exist for these genera providing a reliable assessment of the species included.
Bibliography
A. Hernández-Ledesma, P., Berendsohn, W. G., Borsch, T., von Mering, S., Akhani, H., Arias, S., Castañeda-Noa, I., Eggli, U., Eriksson, R., Flores-Olvera, H., Fuentes-Bazán, S., Kadereit, G., Klak, C., Korotkova, N., Nyffeler, R., Ocampo, G. & Ochoterena, H. 2015: A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. – Willdenowia 45(3): 281-383
B. Arias, S. 2021: Revisions of Acanthocereus, Aporocactus, Astrophytum, Bergerocactus, Cephalocereus, Disocactus, Marshallocereus, Nyctocereus, Pachycereus, Peniocereus, Pereskiopsis, Selenicereus, Stenocereus, Strophocactus. – In: Korotkova N. & al., Cactaceae at Caryophyllales.org – a dynamic online species-level taxonomic backbone for the family. – Willdenowia 51: 251-270