Cleistocactus

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Cleistocactus

Cleistocactus Lem. in Ill. Hort. 8: Misc. 35. 1861 sec. Hunt 20161

• Type: Cleistocactus baumannii (Lem.) Lem.

• 1. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author

• =Cleistocereus Frič & Kreuz. in Succulenta (Netherlands) 18: 120. 1936 syn. sec. Kew WCVP (2019)2

• 2. Kew WCVP (2019)

• =Bolivicereus Cárdenas in Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 23: 91. 1951 syn. sec. Hunt 20163
• Type: Bolivicereus samaipatanus Cárdenas

• 3. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author

• =Cephalocleistocactus F.Ritter in Succulenta (Netherlands): 108. 1959 syn. sec. Hunt 20164
• Type: Cephalocleistocactus chrysocephalus F.Ritter

• 4. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author

• =Winteria F.Ritter in Kakteen And. Sukk. 13: 4. 1962, nom. illeg., syn. sec. Kew WCVP (2019)5

• 5. Kew WCVP (2019)

• =Seticleistocactus Backeb., Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: 13. 1963 syn. sec. Hunt 20166
• Type: Seticleistocactus piraymirensis (Cárdenas) Backeb.

• 6. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author

• =Winterocereus Backeb., Kakteenlex.: 455. 1966 syn. sec. Hunt 20167
• Type: Winterocereus aureispinus (F.Ritter) Backeb.

• 7. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author

• –Hildewintera F.Ritter in Kakteen And. Sukk. 17: 11. 1966, nom. inval., syn. sec. Hunt 20168
• Type: Hildewintera aureispina (F.Ritter) F.Ritter ex G.D.Rowley

• 8. Hunt, D.R. 2016: CITES Cactaceae Checklist. 3rd edition. – published by the author

Content

• Notes
• Taxon standing
• Bibliography

Notes

The broad circumscription of Cleistocactus as employed by Anderson (2001, 2005), and Hunt (2006) goes back to the Cactaceae consensus classification reported by Hunt & Taylor (1986), where the predominantly ornithophilous floral syndrome was used as diagnostic character. Schlumpberger & Renner (2012) found that Cleistocactus s.l. is polyphyletic - the monotypic Cephalocleistocactus was placed as sister to Yungasocereus, while Cleistocactus s.str. is sister to Vatricania next to Weberbauerocereus, and two terminals representing the former Borzicactus and Loxanthocereus are placed in the Oreocereus clade, the former next to Matucana, and the latter next to Haageocereus.
Deciding whether Cleistocactus s.l. should be retained or split up is difficult, since sampling of the group and its possible sister taxa is still inadequate. The affiliation of Loxanthocereus with Haageocereus was seen earlier and Nyffeler & Eggli (2010) listed it as synonym of Haageocereus.A,B,C,D,E,F,G

Taxon standing

Category E. No assessment of monophyly has yet been possible, because only a few species were sampled or no phylogenetic study has been conducted so far.

Bibliography

A. Anderson, E. F. 2001: The Cactus Family. – Portland, Oregon: Timber Press

B. Anderson, E. F. 2005: Das große Kakteen-Lexikon. – Stuttgart: Ulmer

C. Hernández-Ledesma, P., Berendsohn, W. G., Borsch, T., von Mering, S., Akhani, H., Arias, S., Castañeda-Noa, I., Eggli, U., Eriksson, R., Flores-Olvera, H., Fuentes-Bazán, S., Kadereit, G., Klak, C., Korotkova, N., Nyffeler, R., Ocampo, G. & Ochoterena, H. 2015: A taxonomic backbone for the global synthesis of species diversity in the angiosperm order Caryophyllales. – Willdenowia 45(3): 281-383. http://doi.org/10.3372/wi.45.45301

D. Hunt, D.R. & Taylor, N. P. 1986: The genera of the Cactaceae: towards an new consensus. – Bradleya 4: 65-78

E. Hunt, D.R. 2006: The New Cactus Lexicon. – Milborne Port: dh books

F. Nyffeler, R. & Eggli, U. 2010: A farewell to dated ideas and concepts – molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae. – Schumannia 6: 109-151

G. Schlumpberger, B. & Renner, S. 2012: Molecular phylogenetics of Echinopsis (Cactaceae): Polyphyly at all levels and convergent evolution of pollination modes and growth forms. – American Journal of Botany 99(8): 1335-1349